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Futuristisches Design: In Seoul-Incheon stimmen auch die Abläufe in den Terminals - der Flughafen der südkoreanischen Hauptstadt zählt zu den Besten der Welt
Foto: Korean Tourism Organization / dpa Airports weltweit Die besten Flughäfen der Welt
Eigentlich geht es nur ums Abfliegen und Ankommen. Dennoch fühlen sich Passagiere an manchen Airports wohler als an anderen. Was unterscheidet die besten Flughäfen vom Rest? Ein Erklärungsversuch.
Warteschlangen am Check-in und an der Sicherheitskontrolle, endlos lange Gänge, unbequeme Sitze in der Abflughalle, aber auch Schnäppchen im Dutyfree-Shop und kribbelnde Vorfreude auf die Reise: Viele haben ein ambivalentes Verhältnis zu Flughäfen.
Manche Airports scheinen Flugpassagiere allerdings mehrheitlich besser zu finden als andere. Das britische Luftfahrtinstitut Skytrax kürt jedes Jahr die weltbesten Airports und befragt dafür nach eigenen Angaben Millionen von Airline-Kunden. 2016 lag in dem Skytrax-Ranking zum wiederholten Mal der Airport Singapur-Changi ganz vorne, gefolgt von Seoul-Incheon in Südkorea. Dritter wurde der Flughafen München.
Skytrax befragt die Passagiere zu fast 40 Aspekten, angefangen von der Verkehrsanbindung des Airports bis hin zu den Sprachkentnissen des Airportpersonals. Die Erhebung ist kleinteilig und stark auf Komfort und Service ausgelegt. Sie allein gibt damit noch keine Antwort darauf, was einen guten Flughafen ausmacht.
Mehr weiß Laura Frommberg. Sie ist Chefredakteurin der Fachzeitschrift »Aerotelegraph« – und eine Vielfliegerin. »Je mehr Orte vom Airport angeflogen werden, desto besser ist das«, sagt sie. Einen besonderen Vorteil haben Flughäfen, an denen Airlines eine Basis mit vielen Flugzeugen haben. Im Fachjargon werden sie »Hubs« genannt. Beispiele für Hubs sind etwa Zürich, die Basis von Swissair oder London-Heathrow, die Basis von British Airways.
Durchreisende schätzen es, wenn sie sich die Wartezeit auf den nächsten Flug vertreiben können. Manche Airports bieten ihnen dafür eine Menge Möglichkeiten: In München gibt es das »Airbräu«, einen überdachten Biergarten mit eigener Brauerei. Hongkong bietet seinen Fluggästen ein Kino, im Terminal 5 von London-Heathrow gibt es mehr als 50 Geschäfte zum Shoppen.
Viele Flugziele und ein bisschen Spaß sind aber noch lange nicht alles. Ein guter Airport muss auch funktionieren. Das kann Thomas Jahn nur bestätigen. Der Lufthansa-Kapitän fliegt seit 1989 und hat schon fast drei Jahre seines Lebens in der Luft verbracht. Manches hat er zu schätzen gelernt, kurze Wege zum Beispiel. Außerdem sei Schnelligkeit wichtig. Die Abfertigung beim Check-in sollte rasch gehen, ebenso die Sicherheitskontrolle und die Passkontrolle bei der Einreise.
Besonders ärgerlich ist es, wenn nach einem Flug Koffer für Koffer auf dem Gepäckband vorbeiziehen – nur der eigene nicht. Dann müssen sich Reisende meist tagelang gedulden, bis der Koffer nachgeschickt wird. Wenn er überhaupt wieder auftaucht. Das Risiko, ohne Koffer zu landen, ist bei Abflügen von japanischen Airports am geringsten. »An Flughäfen wie Tokio-Haneda, Osaka-Kansai oder Centrair in der Nähe von Nagoya gehe eigentlich nie Gepäck verloren«, sagt Frommberg.
Neben all diesen praktischen Aspekten zählt für Frommberg bei Flughäfen noch etwas anderes: die Atmosphäre. Schmale, enge Gänge sorgen für Beklemmung statt Reiselust. Gerade ältere Flughäfen sind oft eher dunkel, als Beispiel nennt sie Berlin-Tegel. Tageslicht ist bei der Planung neuer Terminals viel wichtiger geworden. Das Vorfeld und die Flugzeuge sind dort zu sehen. »Man muss hereinkommen und sich direkt wohl und in Reisestimmung versetzt fühlen«, findet sie.
(22.12.2016, dpa)
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