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Touristen auf dem Markusplatz in Venedig. Viele vertrauen auf die Führung durch ihren Reiseleiter oder örtliche Stadtführer
Animateur und Krisenmanager Wie erkennt man im Urlaub gute Reiseleiter? Sie bringen Touristen Wissenswertes über Land und Leute näher und führen sie zum nächsten Restaurant. Ziel und Hotel stehen fest, ebenso Reisedauer und Tagesprogramm. In einem wichtigen Punkt bleibt eine Gruppenreise aber eine Fahrt ins Ungewisse: Wer sie durch den Urlaub begleitet, können Touristen nicht beeinflussen.
Welche Qualifikationen Reiseleiter mitbringen müssen, ist in Deutschland nicht geregelt, eine feste Ausbildung gibt es nicht. »Sie sagen, ich bin Reiseleiter, und schon können Sie anfangen«, sagt Heinz-Jürgen Nees, Geschäftsführer beim Reiseleiter und Tour Guide Verband (RTGV).
Für Urlauber bedeutet das: Wer da gerade ausschweifend die Vorzüge der römischen Küche anpreist, kann ganz unterschiedliche Erfahrungen mitbringen. Was zeichnet Könner aus? Professionelle Reiseleiter seien eine Mischung aus psychologischem Ansprechpartner, Vertrauensperson und Animateur, sagt Dieter Gauf, Geschäftsführer beim Busverband RDA.
»Ein guter Guide sollte nicht nur Wissen und Zahlen oder Fakten herunterbeten, sondern seinen Gästen die Stadt, das Weinland oder den Naturpark auf lebendige, unterhaltsame und sehr persönliche Art nahe bringen«, sagt Sonja Wagenbrenner, Pressesprecherin beim Bundesverband der Gästeführer in Deutschland (BVGD). Gästeführer unterscheiden sich insofern von Reiseleitern, dass sie sich auf eine bestimmte Region spezialisieren.
Reiseleiter müssen sich auch mit Abrechnungen und Hotelreservierungen auskennen, Hilfe bei der Abwicklung von Grenzformalitäten leisten können sowie Reklamationen bearbeiten. Und sie tragen bei Notfällen die Verantwortung.
Einen Anhaltspunkt, ob der Reiseleiter auf der eigenen Reise diese Fähigkeiten mitbringt, sind Zertifikate. Bisher gibt es verschiedene Weiterbildungsangebote. Einige davon sind von der IHK zertifiziert, zum Beispiel die Seminare beim Reiseleiterverband von Nees. Außerdem vergibt der Bundesverband der Deutschen Tourismuswirtschaft (BTW) zusammen mit der Hochschule Bremen Zertifikate für Reiseleiter. Der Bundesverband der Gästeführer in Deutschland (BVGD) tut das Gleiche für Gästeführer, mehr als 2000 Zertifikate hat er schon ausgestellt. Dazu werden Ausweise nach einem Sterne-System vergeben.
Die Zertifikate sind begehrt, weil sie sowohl von Urlaubern als auch von Reiseveranstaltern als Referenz wahrgenommen werden. Einheitlich sind sie aber nicht. Und sie garantieren Urlaubern nicht, dass sie einen wirklich guten Führer vor sich haben. »Das sagt nur, dass sie einen Reiseleiter haben, der die Theorie durchlaufen hat«, erklärt Nees. Auch das IHK-Zertifikat bedeutet nur, dass die Ausbildung den Ansprüchen der IHK genügt.
Ob jemand fundierte Kenntnisse über das bereiste Land oder die Sehenswürdigkeiten vor Ort hat, ist damit nicht garantiert. Dieses Wissen müssen sich die Reiseleiter selbst aneignen. Nees rät daher, sich beim Veranstalter schon vor einer Reise darüber zu informieren, wer einen da durch den Urlaub begleiten wird und wie oft er zum Beispiel schon vor Ort war.
Unabhängig davon kommt es dann noch auf die persönliche Note an: Manche Menschen kommen bei Kunden besser an, andere schlechter. Wenn Reisende unzufrieden sind, sollten sie Wagenbrenners Ansicht nach zunächst dem Gästeführer die Gelegenheit zur Erklärung geben. Kommt man dabei nicht weiter, könne man sich gegebenenfalls immer noch an die Tourist-Info oder den Reiseveranstalter wenden.
(06.02.2018, dpa)
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