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Mit einem solchen Vermerk können Reisende bei der Einreise in manche arabische Staaten oder in den Iran ernsthafte Probleme bekommen
Reisedokumente Probleme mit Stempel im Pass bei Einreise In einigen Ländern kann ein bestimmter Stempel im Pass bei der Einreise echte Probleme machen - und im schlimmsten Fall zur Zurückverweisung führen. REISE-PREISE.de sagt, wie man das vermeiden kann.
In den meisten Ländern außerhalb des Schengen-Raums werden Ein- und Ausreise mit Stempeln im Reisepass dokumentiert. Sie sind für viele Urlauber beliebte Souvenirs.
In Internetforen tauschen sich Sammler darüber aus, wie man trotz automatisierter Verfahren noch ein Sammlerstück ergattern kann. «Einige Vielflieger haben es sich zum Ziel gesetzt, einen Stempel von jedem Land der Welt zu bekommen», sagt Sebastian Schmidt, Marketingmanager von Visumpoint. Die Berliner Agentur verhilft Geschäftsreisenden, Montagearbeitern und Touristen zu ihren benötigten Einreisegenehmigungen.
Stempelvermerke können aber auch Nachteile haben. Bei der Einreise in Israel ist es nicht ratsam, sich einen Stempel in den Pass drücken zu lassen. Bei einem späteren Besuch in arabischen Staaten, etwa im Iran, im Libanon oder in Kuwait, können die Sichtvermerke sonst zu einer Einreiseverweigerung führen, so das Auswärtige Amt (AA). Daher sehen israelische Grenzbeamte auf dem internationalen Flughafen Ben Gurion sowie an zwei Grenzübergängen nach Ägypten und Jordanien von einem Stempel ab. Stattdessen werden Einreisekarten verwendet.
Experten wie Sebastian Schmidt halten die Praxis eingelegter Karten oder Blätter bei einem einmaligen Israelbesuch für sinnvoll. Urlaubern, die mehrfach in das Heilige Land reisen möchten, rät der Visumspezialist, einen zweiten Pass zu beantragen.
Wer für Israel seinen zweiten Pass benutzt, kann auch verschärfte Kontrollen der israelischen Sicherheitskräfte vermeiden. Sollten sich nämlich Visa arabischer Staaten oder des Irans im Reisepass befinden, erfolgt nach Angaben des AA bei der Einreise in Israel eine Sicherheitsbefragung. Jordanien und Ägypten sind von dieser Regel ausgenommen. Jeder, der mit Stempel oder Visa von Malaysia, Indonesien oder dem Sudan einreist, muss ebenfalls auf ein entsprechendes Interview durch Sicherheitskräfte gefasst sein.
Wie sinnvoll zwei Pässe sind, zeigt sich auch, wenn mehrere Auslandsaufenthalte in visapflichtige Staaten geplant sind. Um die Dokumente zu besorgen, reiche ein Pass oft nicht aus, weiß Schmidt: «Wer viel in Russland, USA und China unterwegs ist, hat häufig sogar drei oder vier Pässe.»
Für die Ausstellung eines zweiten Reisedokuments muss gemäß Passgesetz ein berechtigtes Interesse nachgewiesen werden. Dieses kann in zeitlichen Überschneidungen bei der Visaerstellung bestehen. Auch die Tatsache, dass dem Antragsteller vermutlich die Einreise in ein Land verweigert wird, weil er sich zuvor in bestimmten Staaten aufgehalten hat, wird akzeptiert. Die Passbehörde entscheidet.
Die Einreiseformalitäten für Reisen in die USA sind mit Einführung der Esta-Formulare und der Teilnahme am sogenannten Visa Waiver Programm stark vereinfacht worden. Doch auch hier gibt es Ausnahmen: Wer sich seit 2011 in Syrien, Sudan, Libyen, Jemen, Somalia, Irak und Iran aufgehalten hat, muss persönlich in der US-Botschaft in Berlin oder in einem der fünf US-Konsulate erscheinen und dort ein Visum beantragen, das ihm im Anschluss per Post zugeschickt wird.
«Der Reisende wird zum Anlass seiner Reise interviewt und muss sich bestätigen lassen, dass er nur zu Touristenzwecken dort war», sagt Wiebke Thusek. Die Reisebüroinhaberin aus Uetze bei Hannover wird sich in Zukunft mehr als bisher mit Einreiseformalitäten befassen müssen. Mit Inkrafttreten des neuen Pauschalreiserechts am 1. Juli 2018 sind Reisebüros gesetzlich dazu verpflichtet, Pauschalurlauber vor Vertragsabschluss umfassend über Visa- und Impfvorschriften sowie Einreisebestimmungen des Ziellandes zu informieren.
Start-ups wie Passolution haben bereits erkannt, dass den Reisebüros künftig ein erhöhter Arbeitsaufwand bevorsteht. Das junge Unternehmen aus Köln will den Agenturen aufwändige Recherchen beim AA ersparen. «Auf Basis einer umfangreichen Datenbank werden Reisebüros über eine Schnittstelle vollautomatisiert mit allen relevanten Bestimmungen versorgt», erklärt Geschäftsführer Dennis Zimon. Dabei werde auch über das mögliche Konfliktpotential bestimmter Stempel und Sichtvermerke informiert.
(19.06.2018, dpa)
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