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Auf Kreuzfahrtschiffen kommt Meerwasser zum Einsatz. Spezielle Systeme helfen dabei, es zu entsalzen.
Foto: Bodo Marks Kreuzfahrt Woher kommt das Trinkwasser?
Welche Qualität hat das Wasser auf Kreuzfahrtschiffen? Mit dieser Frage beschäftigen sich nicht wenige Besucher. Sie müssen jedoch wissen, dass es mittlerweile spezielle Systeme gibt, mit denen das Meerwasser entsalzt werden kann.
Es kommt aus der Dusche, füllt die Pools und wird in den Küchen zur Zubereitung der Speisen verwendet. Doch woher kommt eigentlich das ganze Wasser auf einem Kreuzfahrtschiff? Tatsächlich kommt vor allem Meerwasser zum Einsatz, wie die Meyer Werft in Papenburg erklärt.
Das Wasser wird zunächst ins Schiff gepumpt und mit speziellen Systemen wie Umkehrosmoseanlagen und Vakuumverdampfern entsalzt. Dieses Wasser hat eine Qualität wie Destillat und ist noch nicht trinkbar. Es muss erst noch mineralisiert werden. Das heißt, es wird unter anderem mit Kalzium versetzt. Dann erreicht es laut Meyer Werft eine Wasserqualität nach deutscher Trinkwassernorm. Schließlich wird das Wasser zur Desinfektion noch mit Chlor versetzt.
Das erzeugte Frischwasser wird in Tanks im Rumpf des Schiffes gesammelt und von dort mit Pumpen zu den einzelnen Verbrauchsstellen geleitet, erläutert die Werft. Die Tanks sind so konstruiert, dass das Wasser darin nicht verunreinigt werden kann. Auch sorgen eine tägliche Zirkulation in jedem Tank und die Überprüfung der Qualität für gleichbleibend hohe Trinkwasserwasserqualität.
Es ist möglich, Frischwasser von Land in die Tanks zu füllen. Das kommt aber nicht oft vor: »In der Regel verwenden die Reeder lieber selbst produziertes Wasser, da diese Anlagen eine gleichbleibend hohe Qualität liefern«, so Peter Hackmann von der Meyer Werft. In vielen Ländern entspreche die Wasserqualität nicht den bekannten Standards.
Auf Kreuzfahrtschiffen gibt es kein Brauchwasser. Dusche, Pools, Küche und auch die Toiletten werden meist mit Frischwasser versorgt. Abwasser zum Beispiel aus der Klimaanlage kommt in den Wäschereien zum Einsatz. Generell werden alle Abwässer durch biologisch-chemische Kläranlagen gereinigt, bevor sie wieder von Bord geleitet werden.
Die Meyer Werft und ihre Kunden kalkulieren mit rund 200 bis 250 Litern Trinkwasser pro Person pro Tag. Dieser Wert sei eine Mischkalkulation. Denn zum Beispiel Wasser für die Küche, Pools und für die Reinigung des Schiffes fließt auch in die Berechnung ein. Für ein Schiff mit 6000 Gästen ergibt sich so ein maximaler Bedarf von täglich 1,2 Millionen Liter.
(26.01.2017, dpa)
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