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Kreuzfahrt-Kolosse vor dem Markusplatz in Venedig sollen bald der Vergangenheit angehören
Foto: ... Italien Venedig will Kreuzfahrt-Kolosse verbannen Es klingt wie eine gute Nachricht für Umweltschützer: Riesige Kreuzfahrtschiffe sollen nicht mehr im Zentrum Venedigs fahren. Doch die Sache hat einen Haken.
Sie schieben sich wie Hochhäuser am Markusplatz in Venedig vorbei und gefährden das Weltkulturerbe: Nach jahrelangem Streit soll künftig wirklich Schluss sein mit den Kreuzfahrtkolossen im historischen Zentrum von Venedig.
Zumindest will die italienische Regierung Schiffe mit mehr als 55.000 Tonnen im Kanal von Guidecca und somit vor Sehenswürdigkeiten wie dem Markusplatz verbieten. Dafür sollen sie eine andere Route in der Lagune nehmen und an einem – weniger glamourösen – Hafen in Marghera am Festland anlegen.
Umweltschützer sind trotzdem empört: Denn der Plan sieht laut Medienberichten auch vor, dass Schiffe mit mehr als 96.000 Tonnen in die Lagune einfahren können – wenn auch nicht am Zentrum vorbei. Derzeit sind diese Mega-Schiffe in der gesamten Lagune verboten. »Sie haben das schlechteste Projekt von allen gewählt«, sagte Luciano Mazzolin vom Anti-Kreuzer-Komitee No Grandi Navi dem Sender Radio Capital. »Wir wollen, dass die Schiffe überhaupt nicht in die Lagune fahren.« Denn das bringe große Umweltprobleme mit sich.
Hinzu kommt: Das neue Terminal für die Kreuzfahrtschiffe in Marghera ist noch gar nicht fertig. Die Regierung spricht daher von einem Verbot der Kreuzer vor dem Markusplatz in drei oder vier Jahren. Bis dahin dürfen die Schiffe also noch vor der historischen Altstadt schippern. Außerdem soll geprüft werden, ob Schiffe zwischen 55.000 und 96.000 Tonnen doch noch über einen anderen Kanal näher an Venedig heranfahren dürfen.
Anwohner, Kultur- und Umweltschützer klagen schon lange über Schäden, die die Riesenschiffe anrichten: Sie gefährdeten das ökologische Gleichgewicht in der Lagune, könnten historische Gebäude beschädigen und stoßen Schadstoffe aus. Außerdem spuckten sie noch mehr Touristenmassen in der Stadt aus, die sowieso schon vom Ansturm überfordert ist.
Auch der Unesco sind die Kreuzfahrtschiffe schon lange ein Dorn im Auge: Die UN-Kulturschutzorganisation warnte sogar, Venedig auf die Liste der gefährdeten Kulturgüter zu setzen, wenn keine Lösung gefunden werde.
»Es reicht, dass der Unesco und der Welt klar wird, dass wir eine Lösung für die großen Schiffe in der Lagune haben«, sagte Venedigs Bürgermeister Luigi Brugnaro und zeigte sich äußerst zufrieden mit der Entscheidung, die die Regierung in Rom zusammen mit Vertretern der Region getroffen hatte. »Nach monatelangen Untersuchungen und ernsthafter Arbeit haben wir eine wirkliche Lösung gefunden«, lobte auch Verkehrsminister Graziano Delrio. »Es ist möglich, den Hafen zu entwickeln und die Kreuzfahrtschiffe ankommen zu lassen, ohne das Kulturerbe Venedigs aufs Spiel zu setzen.«
Venedig lebt vom Tourismus – und auch vom Kreuzfahrttourismus, viele Arbeitsplätze hängen davon ab. Seit 1997 ist der Kreuzfahrttourismus nach Angaben des Passagierterminals um 436 Prozent gewachsen. Im letzten Jahr kamen nach Angaben der Hafenbehörde mehr als 1,6 Millionen Kreuzfahrttouristen. Für die ist eine Fahrt vorbei am Dogenpalast, am Markusplatz und den anderen Sehenswürdigkeiten Venedigs natürlich ein Highlight der Reise. Und bis auf weiteres wird ihnen dieses Spektakel auch nicht genommen.
Und so zeigte sich auch die Kreuzfahrtindustrie zufrieden. Die jetzige Entscheidung schütze sowohl das Kulturerbe Venedigs als auch die »wertvolle Kreuzfahrt-Wirtschaft in Venedig und der Adria«, teilte der internationale Verband CLIA mit.
Venedig ist bei Weitem nicht die einzige Stadt, die unter dem Ansturm von Kreuzfahrtouristen ächzt. Auch in Dubrovnik in Kroatien oder auf Malta gibt es zum Beispiel Widerstände gegen diesen Boom-Tourismus.
(16.11.2017, dpa)
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